The World’s forests are home to countless species of animals and plants. But they are disappearing at an alarming rate. Deforestation happens when companies, farmers and communities convert forested land to non-forest use. This can include clearing trees for agriculture, mining or urbanization. The process causes serious harm to wildlife, local peoples and the environment.
The biggest driver of deforestation is clearing land for agriculture. Industrialized farms clear forests in the Amazon and elsewhere for cattle ranching, soya bean or oil palm plantations to supply global food and cosmetics brands. Farmers also use slash-and-burn methods to clear land for crops and to feed their livestock. This practice is particularly prevalent in South America, Africa and Southeast Asia.
When trees are cut down or burned, carbon dioxide is released into the air. This greenhouse gas traps heat and accelerates climate change. When forests are lost, CO2 levels rise even faster.
Forests are also natural flood control, reducing the risk of flooding and drought. Without them, natural disasters are much more likely to occur, causing greater damage and affecting more lives.
Many animals rely on forests for their habitats and foods. When deforestation occurs, these habitats are lost, and animals can become disoriented or even die. They can also lose their natural food sources, such as grasses or fruit. Deforestation also brings humans and wildlife into closer contact, increasing the risk of conflict and potentially driving some species into extinction.
About the Author
